Presiden pertama Republik Indonesia, Soekarno yang biasa dipanggil Bung Karno, lahir di Blitar, Jawa Timur, 6 Juni 1901 dan meninggal di Jakarta, 21 Juni 1970. Ayahnya bernama Raden Soekemi Sosrodihardjo dan ibunya Ida Ayu Nyoman Rai. Semasa hidupnya, beliau mempunyai tiga istri dan dikaruniai delapan anak. Dari istri Fatmawati mempunyai anak Guntur, Megawati, Rachmawati, Sukmawati dan Guruh. Dari istri Hartini mempunyai Taufan dan Bayu, sedangkan dari istri Ratna Sari Dewi, wanita turunan Jepang bernama asli Naoko Nemoto mempunyai anak Kartika..
Masa kecil Soekarno hanya beberapa tahun hidup bersama orang tuanya di Blitar. Semasa SD hingga tamat, beliau tinggal di Surabaya, indekos di rumah Haji Oemar Said Tokroaminoto, politisi kawakan pendiri Syarikat Islam. Kemudian melanjutkan sekolah di HBS (Hoogere Burger School). Saat belajar di HBS itu, Soekarno telah menggembleng jiwa nasionalismenya. Selepas lulus HBS tahun 1920, pindah ke Bandung dan melanjut ke THS (Technische Hoogeschool atau sekolah Tekhnik Tinggi yang sekarang menjadi ITB). Ia berhasil meraih gelar "Ir" pada 25 Mei 1926.
Kemudian, beliau merumuskan ajaran Marhaenisme dan mendirikan PNI (Partai Nasional lndonesia) pada 4 Juli 1927, dengan tujuan Indonesia Merdeka. Akibatnya, Belanda, memasukkannya ke penjara Sukamiskin, Bandung pada 29 Desember 1929. Delapan bulan kemudian baru disidangkan. Dalam pembelaannya berjudul Indonesia Menggugat, beliau menunjukkan kemurtadan Belanda, bangsa yang mengaku lebih maju itu.
Pembelaannya itu membuat Belanda makin marah. Sehingga pada Juli 1930, PNI pun dibubarkan. Setelah bebas pada tahun 1931, Soekarno bergabung dengan Partindo dan sekaligus memimpinnya. Akibatnya, beliau kembali ditangkap Belanda dan dibuang ke Ende, Flores, tahun 1933. Empat tahun kemudian dipindahkan ke Bengkulu.
Setelah melalui perjuangan yang cukup panjang, Bung Karno dan Bung Hatta memproklamasikan kemerdekaan RI pada 17 Agustus 1945. Dalam sidang BPUPKI tanggal 1 Juni 1945, Ir.Soekarno mengemukakan gagasan tentang dasar negara yang disebutnya Pancasila. Tanggal 17 Agustus 1945, Ir Soekarno dan Drs. Mohammad Hatta memproklamasikan kemerdekaan Indonesia. Dalam sidang PPKI, 18 Agustus 1945 Ir.Soekarno terpilih secara aklamasi sebagai Presiden Republik Indonesia yang pertama.
Sebelumnya, beliau juga berhasil merumuskan Pancasila yang kemudian menjadi dasar (ideologi) Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Beliau berupaya mempersatukan nusantara. Bahkan Soekarno berusaha menghimpun bangsa-bangsa di Asia, Afrika, dan Amerika Latin dengan Konferensi Asia Afrika di Bandung pada 1955 yang kemudian berkembang menjadi Gerakan Non Blok.
Pemberontakan G-30-S/PKI melahirkan krisis politik hebat yang menyebabkan penolakan MPR atas pertanggungjawabannya. Sebaliknya MPR mengangkat Soeharto sebagai Pejabat Presiden. Kesehatannya terus memburuk, yang pada hari Minggu, 21 Juni 1970 ia meninggal dunia di RSPAD. Ia disemayamkan di Wisma Yaso, Jakarta dan dimakamkan di Blitar, Jatim di dekat makam ibundanya, Ida Ayu Nyoman Rai. Pemerintah menganugerahkannya sebagai "Pahlawan Proklamasi".
Once upon a time, not far from a jungle, lived husband and a wife. The were farmers. The were diligent farmers anf always worked hard on the paddy fields. They had been married for mny years and still not have a child yet. Everyday they prayed and prayed for a child. One night, while they were praying, a giant passed their house. The giant heard they pray. "Don't worry farmers. I can give you a child. But you have to give me that child when she is 17 years old," said the giant. The farmers were so happy. They did not think about the risk of losing their child letter and agree to take the offer. Letter, the giant gave them a bunch of cucumber seeds. The farmers planted them carefully. Then the seeds changed into plants. Not longer after that, a big golden cucumber grew from plants. After it had ripe, the farmers picked and cut it. They were very surprised to see beautiful girl inside the cucumber. They named her Timun Mas or Golden Cucumber. Years passed by and Timun Mas has changed into a beautiful girl. On her 17th birhtday, Timun Mas was very happy. However, the parents were very sad. They knew they had to keep their promise to the giant but htey also did not want to lose their beloved daugther. "My daughter, take this bag. It can save you from the giant," said the father. "What do you mean, Fathe? I don't understand," said Timun Mas. Right after that, the giant came into their house. "Run timun Mas. Save your life!" said the mother. The giant was angry. He knew the farmers wanted to break their promise. He chased Timun Mas away. The giant was getting closer and closer. Timun Maas then opened the bag and threw a handful of salt. It became sea. The giant had to swim to cross the sea. Later, Timun Mas threw some chilly. It became a jungle wih trees. The trees had sharp thorns so they hurt the giant. However, the giant was still able to chase Timun Mas. Timun Mas took her third magic stuff. It wa cucumber seeds. She threw them and became cucumber field. But hte giant still could escape from the field. Then it was the last magic stuff she had in the bag. It was a shrimp paste, terasi. She threw it and became a big swamp. The giant was still tring to swim the swamp but he was very tired. Then he was drowning and died. Timun Mas then immediately went home. The farmers were so happy that they finally together again.
1.PRESENT SIMPLE
RUMUS:
S + Tobe(am, is,are) +......
S + Verb 1 + s/es + .........
Example:
(+) she goes to school every day
(-) she doesn't go to school every day
(?) does she go to school every day ?
2.PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
RUMUS:
S + Tobe + am, is are +verb 1+ ing +......
EXAMPLE :
(+) I am reading a book
(-) I am not reading a book
(?) am I reading a book
3.PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
RUMUS:
S + has/have + been +........
S + has/have +verb III +......
EXAMPLE:
(+) I have eaten meet ball
(-) I have not eaten meet ball
(?) have I eaten meet ball
4.PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
RUMUS:
S + have/has + been + verb 1 + ing +.......
EXAMPLE:
(+) I have been for an hour but he still has not turned up
(-) I have not been for an hour but he still has not turned up
(?) Have I been for an hour but he still has not trned up ?
5.PAST TENSE
RUMUS:
S + tobe (was/were) +.......
s + verb II + ........
EXAMPLE:
(+) I Was wait in here two days ago
(-) I was not wait in here two days ago
(?) Iwas i wait in here two days ago
6.PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
RUMUS:
S + Was/were + verb I + ing +.....
EXAMPLE:
(+) I was reading book when my father watched TV
(-) I was not reading book when my father watched TV
(?) was I reading book when my father watched TV ?
7.PAST PERFECT TENSE
RUMUS:
S + Had + Been +.....
S+ Had + Verb III +....
EXAMPLE:
(+) I had been at school when you went to Jogja
(-) I had not been at school when you went to Jogja
(?) Had I been at school when you went to Jogja?
8.PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
RUMUS:
s + Had +Been +Verb 1+ ing +....
EXAMPLE:
(+) When I sent a letter, they had been waiting me.
(-) When I sent a letter, they had not been waiting me
(?) When I sent a letter,had they been waiting me?
9.FUTURE TENSE
RUMUS:
S + Shall/ will +verb 1+.....
S + Shall/ will + be + ......
EXAMPLE:
(+) I will go to Tangerang tomorrow
(-) I will not go to Tangerang tomorrow
(?) Will I go to Tangerang tomorrow?
10.FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
RUMUS:
S + Shall/will + be + verb bentuk I (ing) +......
EXAMPLE:
(+) I shall studying if you come to night
(-) I shall not studying if you come to night
(?) Shall I studying if you come to night?
11.FUTURE PERFECT TENSE (Waktu sempurna akan datang)
RUMUS:
S + Shall/will + have + been + ......
S+ Shall/will + have + verb bentuk III +.....
EXAMPLE:
(+) we will have finished their work by monday
(-) we will not have finished their work by monday
(?) Will we have finished their work by monday ?
12.FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE(Waktu sedang berlangsung)
RUMUS:
S + Shall/will + have + been + Verb bentuk I (ing) +.......
EXAMPLE:
(+) She will have been working in the office for five years by the end of the year
(-) she will not have been working in the office for five years by the end of the year
(?) will she have been working in the office for five years by the end of the year ?
13.PAST FUTURE TENSE (Waktu akan datang lampau )
RUMUS:
S + Should/would + be + ......
S + Should/would + Verb bentuk I + ........
EXAMPLE:
(+) You would give us book the week before
(-) You would not give us book the week before
(?) Would you give us book the week before ?
14.PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE(Waktu akan sedang terjadi pada waktu lampau)
RUMUS:
S + Should/would + be Verb bentuk I (ing) +........
EXAMPLE:
(+)You should be meeting her at five yeserday
(-) You should not be meeting her at five yesterday
(?) Should You be meeting her at five yesterday?
15.PAST FUTURE TENSE(Waktu akan sudah selesai pada waktu lampau)
RUMUS:
S + Should/would + have + been + .......
s + should/would + have + Verb bentuk III
EXAMPLE:
(+) he would have been succes if he had worked hard
(-) he would not have been succes if he had worked hard
(?) would he have been succes if he had worked hard?
16.PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (Waktu akan sudah sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau)
RUMUS:
S + Should/would + have + been + verb bentuk I (ing)
EXAMPLE:
(+) we should have been working there for two years by the end of this year
(-) we should not have been working there for two years by the end of this year
(?) should we have been working there for two years by the end of this year.
